Sephirah
Malkuth
Malkuth is the Kingdom, where the preceding forces of the Tree become the experienced material world. It receives the descent from Yesod and is uniquely shown in four colours to represent the four classical elements.
13 correspondences · 1 with an ancient or scriptural source · 1 with no source located
All the tables The sephiroth table
The oldest attribution here is Counts of 10, first attested 100 CE.
Counts of
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10
Traditional- Who says so
- Sefer Yetzirah's counting (2nd–6th century CE (contested))
- Earliest verified attestation
- 100 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Attested
- Evidence
- The source states it
Sefer Yetzirah counts ten sefirot but does not name them. Their order on this tree belongs to the later tradition, not to the book itself.
Evidence
-
Rabbi Akiva (traditional attribution); older versions attributed to Abraham, Sefer Yetzirah, 2nd–6th century CE (contested) — 1:2
Ten are the ineffable Sephiroth. Twenty-two are the Letters, the Foundation of all things; there are Three Mothers, Seven Double and Twelve Simple letters.
The count, not the names.
Angelic choir
-
Ashim
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1170 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
Tenth and lowest of Maimonides's ranks. Ishim ('men') — the closest of the angel ranks to humanity, aligning with Malkuth as the sephirah of the manifest world.
Evidence
-
Maimonides (Moses ben Maimon, Rambam), Mishneh Torah, 1170–1180 — Yesodei HaTorah 2:7
There are ten names given to the angels: Chayot HaKodesh, Ophanim, Erelim, Chashmalim, Seraphim, Malachim, Elohim, B'nei Elohim, Cherubim, and Ishim.
Maimonides's ten angelic ranks. The pairing of each class with a specific sephirah is a later Kabbalistic development. Available on Sefaria.
-
Aleister Crowley, 777, 1907–1909 — Table VI, col. IX
Mundane sphere
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Sphere of the Elements
Traditional- Who says so
- Agrippan occult philosophy (1509–1533)
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1509 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- None located
- Evidence
- The source states it
Agrippa's Renaissance Christian-Cabalist table is explicit. It is not presented as a planetary scheme stated by Sefer Yetzirah or another ancient Jewish source.
Evidence
-
Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa von Nettesheim, Three Books of Occult Philosophy, 1509–1510, revised through 1533 — Book II, chapter 13, Scale of the Number Ten
The table aligns the ten Sephiroth with the ten spheres in order.
Channel of
-
Yesod
Traditional- Who says so
- Cordovero's channels (1548)
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1548 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- None located
- Evidence
- The source states it
One of the twenty-two channels Pardes Rimonim 7:1 records as the opinion of the commentators. Drawn on this tree with the letter Tav (ת); the lettering is Kircher's and the Golden Dawn's, not Cordovero's.
Evidence
-
Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Pardes Rimonim, 1548, first printed 1592 — Pardes Rimonim 7:1
The enumeration closes 'they total 22, as the numerical value of bakh'. Cordovero assigns no letters to these channels.
-
Hod
Contested- Who says so
- Cordovero's channels (1548)
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1548 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- None located
- Evidence
- The source states it
Cordovero enumerates this channel and then rejects it: Malchut receives nothing except by way of Yesod, so the channels running straight down from Netzach and from Hod 'do not settle at all'. The Kircher tree draws it anyway. Drawn on this tree with the letter Shin, which is Kircher's lettering and not Cordovero's.
Evidence
-
Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Pardes Rimonim, 1548, first printed 1592 — Pardes Rimonim 7:1
The enumeration closes 'they total 22, as the numerical value of bakh'. Cordovero assigns no letters to these channels.
-
Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Pardes Rimonim, 1548, first printed 1592 — Pardes Rimonim 7:3
Where he rejects the two channels into Malchut, proving it from the Zohar at 1:59b.
-
Netzach
Contested- Who says so
- Cordovero's channels (1548)
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1548 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- None located
- Evidence
- The source states it
Cordovero enumerates this channel and then rejects it: Malchut receives nothing except by way of Yesod, so the channels running straight down from Netzach and from Hod 'do not settle at all'. The Kircher tree draws it anyway. Drawn on this tree with the letter Qoph, which is Kircher's lettering and not Cordovero's.
Evidence
-
Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Pardes Rimonim, 1548, first printed 1592 — Pardes Rimonim 7:1
The enumeration closes 'they total 22, as the numerical value of bakh'. Cordovero assigns no letters to these channels.
-
Moses ben Jacob Cordovero, Pardes Rimonim, 1548, first printed 1592 — Pardes Rimonim 7:3
Where he rejects the two channels into Malchut, proving it from the Zohar at 1:59b.
Sephirah of
-
Ten of Cups
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1888 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
The Tens bring the suit to its material limit. The process has become fixed in a final form, whether that culmination is welcome or hard to bear.
Evidence
-
Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (primarily); Harriet Felkin (later material), Book T, c. 1888 — General meanings of the small cards under the Sephiroth, pp. 27–28
-
Ten of Pentacles
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1888 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
The Tens bring the suit to its material limit. The process has become fixed in a final form, whether that culmination is welcome or hard to bear.
Evidence
-
Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (primarily); Harriet Felkin (later material), Book T, c. 1888 — General meanings of the small cards under the Sephiroth, pp. 27–28
-
Ten of Swords
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1888 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
The Tens bring the suit to its material limit. The process has become fixed in a final form, whether that culmination is welcome or hard to bear.
Evidence
-
Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (primarily); Harriet Felkin (later material), Book T, c. 1888 — General meanings of the small cards under the Sephiroth, pp. 27–28
-
Ten of Wands
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1888 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
The Tens bring the suit to its material limit. The process has become fixed in a final form, whether that culmination is welcome or hard to bear.
Evidence
-
Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (primarily); Harriet Felkin (later material), Book T, c. 1888 — General meanings of the small cards under the Sephiroth, pp. 27–28
Divine name
-
Adonai ha-Aretz
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1907 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
'Lord of the Earth'. Adonai is the biblical circumlocution for YHVH; the qualifier ha-Aretz specifies Malkuth as the sephirah of the manifest world.
Evidence
-
Aleister Crowley, 777, 1907–1909 — Table VI, col. II
Planetary attribution
-
Sphere of the Elements
Traditional- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1907 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
Not a planet: the sphere of the four elements — the sublunary realm in Ptolemaic cosmology.
Evidence
-
Aleister Crowley, 777, 1907–1909 — Table VI, col. I / Table IV
Archangel
-
Sandalphon
Unsourced- Who says so
- Not yet attributed to a school
- Earliest verified attestation
- 1907 CE
- Ancient or scriptural source
- Not yet investigated
Sandalphon (Greek σύν-ἀδελφός, 'co-brother') appears in the Talmud as one of the great angels, paired with Metatron. The sephirothic pairing with Malkuth is standard in modern Hermetic Qabalah; primary source for the specific assignment is not clearly documented. CHECKED AGAINST AGRIPPA IN OCTOBER 2026, AND HE DOES NOT GIVE IT. This matters because Agrippa 1533 is where the other two unsourced archangels here are first seen, so the obvious assumption is that he supplies this one too. He does not: at Book III chapter 10 his tenth reads that for Malchuth 'the soul of Messiah is president amongst them, or (as others say) the intelligence Metattron... which is called the first Creature, or the soul of the world, and was the ruler of Moses'. So Agrippa puts METATRON AT BOTH ENDS of the Tree and Sandalphon at neither. The earliest place this study can point to for Sandalphon on Malkuth remains 777 (1909), and the claim stays unsourced for that reason rather than for want of looking. The likely route is visible in the pairing itself: Metatron and Sandalphon are described as twin brothers, so a tradition that already doubled Metatron into the tenth sephirah had an obvious name to put there instead. That is a reading of how it happened and is NOT seeded as a fact about who first wrote it down.
Evidence
-
Aleister Crowley, 777, 1907–1909 — Table VI, col. VIII