10 Malkuth
The Kingdom
Malkuth is the Kingdom, where the preceding forces of the Tree become the experienced material world. It receives the descent from Yesod and is uniquely shown in four colours to represent the four classical elements.
7 sourced claims: 6 traditional , 1 unsourced
Names and titles
Divine names and Yetziratic titles from Sefer Yetzirah and Kabbalistic tradition.
The Resplendent Intelligence
Awaiting spot-check against Westcott's appendix.
Sources (1)
- Sefer Yetzirah , Westcott translation, 3rd edition, 1911 (first published 1887) — Appendix: The 32 Paths of Wisdom, Path 10
Adonai ha-Aretz (אדני הארץ)
'Lord of the Earth'. Adonai is the biblical circumlocution for YHVH; the qualifier ha-Aretz specifies Malkuth as the sephirah of the manifest world.
Sources (1)
- 777 , First edition, 1909 (anonymous) — Table VI, col. II · systematising, not originating
Angelic hierarchy
Archangels of the sephirah and the angelic choir it leads. Maimonides gives the ten choirs; the sephirothic pairings are later Kabbalistic tradition.
Ashim (Souls of Fire)
Tenth and lowest of Maimonides's ranks. Ishim ('men') — the closest of the angel ranks to humanity, aligning with Malkuth as the sephirah of the manifest world.
Sources (2)
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Mishneh Torah
, Original Hebrew, Maimonides c. 1180
— Yesodei HaTorah 2:7
“There are ten names given to the angels: Chayot HaKodesh, Ophanim, Erelim, Chashmalim, Seraphim, Malachim, Elohim, B'nei Elohim, Cherubim, and Ishim.”
Maimonides's ten angelic ranks. The pairing of each class with a specific sephirah is a later Kabbalistic development. Available on Sefaria.
- 777 , First edition, 1909 (anonymous) — Table VI, col. IX · systematising, not originating
Sandalphon (Greek σύν-ἀδελφός, 'co-brother') appears in the Talmud as one of the great angels, paired with Metatron. The sephirothic pairing with Malkuth is standard in modern Hermetic Qabalah; primary source for the specific assignment is not clearly documented. CHECKED AGAINST AGRIPPA IN OCTOBER 2026, AND HE DOES NOT GIVE IT. This matters because Agrippa 1533 is where the other two unsourced archangels here are first seen, so the obvious assumption is that he supplies this one too. He does not: at Book III chapter 10 his tenth reads that for Malchuth 'the soul of Messiah is president amongst them, or (as others say) the intelligence Metattron... which is called the first Creature, or the soul of the world, and was the ruler of Moses'. So Agrippa puts METATRON AT BOTH ENDS of the Tree and Sandalphon at neither. The earliest place this study can point to for Sandalphon on Malkuth remains 777 (1909), and the claim stays unsourced for that reason rather than for want of looking. The likely route is visible in the pairing itself: Metatron and Sandalphon are described as twin brothers, so a tradition that already doubled Metatron into the tenth sephirah had an obvious name to put there instead. That is a reading of how it happened and is NOT seeded as a fact about who first wrote it down.
Sources (1)
- 777 , First edition, 1909 (anonymous) — Table VI, col. VIII · systematising, not originating
Astrological
The classical planet or sphere associated with the sephirah.
The Elements (Cholem Yesodoth, the Breaker of the Foundations)
Not a planet: the sphere of the four elements — the sublunary realm in Ptolemaic cosmology.
Sources (1)
- 777 , First edition, 1909 (anonymous) — Table VI, col. I / Table IV · systematising, not originating
Golden Dawn attributes
Correspondences established by the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn between 1888 and 1912.
The Tens bring the suit to its material limit. The process has become fixed in a final form, whether that culmination is welcome or hard to bear.
Book T classifies the Tens under Malkuth and calls them ultimating force: the point at which the suit's process becomes fully determined.
Sources (1)
- Book T , Mathers, c. 1888 (Golden Dawn internal) — General meanings of the small cards under the Sephiroth, pp. 27–28
Correspondences 8 sourced correspondences
| Relation | To | First attested |
|---|---|---|
| Planetary attribution | Sphere of the Elements | 1907 CE |
| Sephirah of | Ten of Swords | 1888 CE |
| Mundane sphere | Sphere of the Elements | 1509 CE |
| Counts of | 10 | 100 CE |
| Channel of | Netzach | 1548 CE |
| Archangel | Sandalphon | 1907 CE |
| Divine name | Adonai ha-Aretz | 1907 CE |
| Angelic choir | Ashim | 1170 CE |